DataOps
The operating model for data pipelines: getting data from where it is produced to where it is used, on time, unchanged in meaning, and with a known answer when it breaks.
Overview
Read the full DataOps guidance
Capabilities
Backfill and replay
A documented, repeatable way to reprocess a period of data after a defect, without double-counting or racing the live pipeline.
Data quality testing
Assertions on row counts, nullability, ranges and referential integrity that run on every load and can block publication of bad data.
Freshness monitoring
Automated checks that each dataset arrived within its stated expectation, so staleness is detected by a system rather than reported by a confused analyst.
Lineage tracking
Knowing which upstream sources a table, metric or model feature derives from, which is what makes impact analysis possible before a change rather than after.
Pipeline orchestration
Scheduling, dependency management and retry behaviour for data pipelines, defined as reviewed code rather than cron entries nobody owns.
Schema contracts
Agreed, versioned contracts for what a producing team emits, so an upstream change is a negotiation rather than a downstream surprise.
Practices
Data contract negotiation
Producing and consuming teams agreeing in writing on schema, semantics and change notice before the dependency goes live.
Pipeline incident review
Treating a data incident like any other: an owner, a severity, a timeline and a written retrospective that produces a change.
Metrics
Data freshness lag
Time between an event occurring upstream and it being queryable downstream, measured against the dataset's stated expectation.
Unit: hours. Good direction: down.
Data quality test pass rate
Share of quality assertions passing on load; falling values mean the data changed, the tests are wrong, or both.
Unit: percent. Good direction: up.
Pipeline failure rate
Share of scheduled pipeline runs that fail or produce no output, tracked per pipeline rather than in aggregate.
Unit: percent of runs. Good direction: down.
Schema break incidents
Downstream breakages caused by an upstream schema change — the direct measure of whether data contracts are working.
Unit: incidents per quarter. Good direction: down.
Tools
Apache Airflow
Workflow orchestrator for authoring, scheduling and monitoring data pipelines as code.
Visit site ↗Dagster
Asset-oriented orchestrator that models pipelines around the data they produce rather than the tasks they run.
Visit site ↗Great Expectations
Data quality framework for expressing and running assertions about datasets as part of a pipeline.
Visit site ↗OpenTelemetry
Vendor-neutral instrumentation standard for traces, metrics, logs.
Visit site ↗dbt
Transformation framework that brings version control, testing and documentation to warehouse-side data modelling.
Visit site ↗
Architecture patterns
Reference architectures and their trade-offs live in the blueprints library.
Maturity
- L1 ReactivePipelines run wherever someone put themrequired stage
Jobs exist on laptops, cron entries and forgotten servers; nobody can enumerate them and failures are found by a consumer complaining.
- L2 RepeatableEvery pipeline has an owner and a freshness expectationrequired stage
Each dataset names a person accountable for it and states how current it is supposed to be, even if the check is still manual.
- L3 StandardizedSchema contracts hold at team boundaries
Producers and consumers have agreed what is emitted and how change is notified, so an upstream edit is negotiated rather than discovered downstream.
- L4 MeasuredQuality gates block publication of bad data
Assertions run on every load and a failure stops the data being published rather than annotating it, with the failure paging the owner.
- L5 OptimizedLineage makes impact analysis routine before change
The blast radius of a proposed schema or logic change is known in advance because lineage is tracked and consulted as part of review.
Maturity for dataops is measured, not guessed — every score traces to your answers. See how maturity is scored.
Put it to work
Related Ops disciplines
- AnalyticsOps
AnalyticsOps is enabled by this area
- MLOps
MLOps is enabled by this area
Sources
- Tier 1 — PrimaryApache Airflow — Best Practices ↗— Apache Software Foundation(verified 2026-09-20)
- Tier 1 — PrimaryISO/IEC 25012 — Data Quality Model ↗— ISO(verified 2026-09-20)
- Tier 2 — AuthoritativeDAMA-DMBOK: Data Management Body of Knowledge ↗— DAMA International(verified 2026-09-20)
- Tier 2 — Authoritativedbt Best Practice Guides ↗— dbt Labs(verified 2026-09-20)